Terror Management Theory - 1289 Words

Introduction Psych 317 As humans, we are unique from animals in many ways. We have an internal guidance system called a conscience that allows us to think and act in a way close to our deepest values. We have an independent will that does not allow genetic influences or the environment to dictate our actions. We have an infinite creative imagination that allows us to create beyond our reality but perhaps the most uniquely human endowment we all possess is self-awareness. Self-awareness is the recognition of how we feel and how we behave. It also allows us to examine why we exist and ultimately, that we are going to die. While self-preservation is a characteristic to both humans and animals, the understanding of one’s own†¦show more content†¦While this study suggests that there is no need to be around similar people during times of vulnerability, the researchers recognize that the individuals in these groups were mere observers and not actually interacting with each other. Another hypothesis that emerged from TMT research is the anxiety-buffer hypothesis. This hypothesis stresses the importance of high self-esteem and how it can shield individuals from experiencing death anxiety. Individuals with high self-esteem feel that they are an ideal example of their culture and enjoy the protection from the mortality concerns that their culture offers (Hirschberger et al., 2002). Studies that exemplify the anxiety-buffer hypothesis are those that link TMT and risky sexual behaviors. In a 2004 study, researchers noted that by making mortality salient, a willingness to engage in life-threatening behaviors, such as unsafe sex, was reported (Orit Taubman, Ben-Ari). This study suggests that engaging in risky sex represents two facets of vulnerability related to the threat of death. One is the absolute fear or extermination which is associated to having the risky sex and the other is the need to love and have intimacy, a uniquely human trait that is related to self-esteem. Basically, when faced with mortality, humans yearn to fulfill their basic needs of love, even if that means risking life itself (Orit Taubman,Show MoreRelated Terror Management Theory Essay example905 Words   |  4 PagesTerror management theory (TMT) asserts that human beings have natural tendency for self-preservation if there is threat to one’s well–being (Greenberg, Sol omon, Pyszczynski, 1997). It notes that we are the cultural animals that pose self-awareness on the concept of past and future, as well as the understanding that one day we will die. We concern about our life and death but aware that it is unexpected by everything. The worse matter is that we become aware of our vulnerability and helplessnessRead MoreTerror Management Theory1289 Words   |  6 Pagesself-preservation is a characteristic to both humans and animals, the understanding of one’s own mortality is uniquely human. How do we, as humans, deal with the terror that is associated with this knowledge? According to Terror Management Theory (TMT), developed by Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, and Tom Pyszczynski (1989), the need for â€Å"terror management† is a fundamental function possessed by humans and cultural systems. Based on the writings of anthropologist Ernest Becker and inspired by Freud’s workRead MoreTerror Management Theory Applied To Ageism In Film1554 Words   |  7 PagesTerror Management Theory applied to Ageism in Film Frida Ramirez Lone Star College – University Park Terror Management Theory applied to Ageism in Film Ageism (prejudice toward the elderly) is becoming a pressing issue as the population of adults over sixty proliferates (Levy Macdonald, 2016, p. 5). Enforcers of ageist stereotypes include the mainstream film industry. By enforcing a negative stereotype, the media subconsciously implements fear of growing old and ultimately dying among its viewersRead MoreThe Simpsons Worst Running Tv Series Of All Time991 Words   |  4 Pagesdome, a massive bomb is placed in an effort to prevent Springfield from further pollution. (The Simpsons Movie). The looming threat that in a short matter of time everyone could be dead. It is at this point that Terror Management Theory takes effect. Terror Management Theory (TMT) is a theory that effects every single human. This also applies to most TV shows, movies, books, poems, and music. TMT as defined according to Nathan Heflick, a Ph. D. and Senior Lecturer of psychology at the University ofRead MoreTerror Management Analysis Of Psychological Functions Of Religion Essay889 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Review #1 For my research review, I selected Puppy-Monkey-Baby (PMB) Terror Management Analysis of Psychological Functions of Religion. This research article focuses on terror management theory, and more specifically how religion serves to manage the terror a human may experience when confronted with the thought of death (Vail, 2010). Although non-religious beliefs can serve as a form of terror management, spiritual beliefs are frequently used to alleviate anxiety caused by death becauseRead MoreShould Disgust Influence Our Considered Moral Judgments?1328 Words   |  6 Pagesguide our judgments of a range of activities and social practices. Many advocates claim that feelings of disgust are sufficient to justify an ethical assessment. Moral disgust advocate who follow deep wisdom theory see the emotion of disgust as a suprarational source of information. This theory interprets disgust as an emotion that is morally attuned and provides insight into the nature of disgust. Advocates argue that in this day in age everything is tolerable and because of this disgust may be theRead MoreThe Science Behind Sleep : The Physics Of Sleep Essay1675 Words   |  7 Pagessleep(Walcutt). It is very difficult to wake a person during this time. To get any good sleep, it is important to be in these two stages for a while. During these stages is usually â€Å"when some children experience bedwetting, sleepwalking, or night terrors†(Stages of Sleep). A person has no muscle activity or eye activity during this time. There are many myths about better ways of deep sleeping, but one myth in particular has just recently been proven wrong. That myth is that alcohol will aid in aRead MoreThe Importance Of Artificial Disasters1206 Words   |  5 Pagesregarding dealing effectively with the disasters that occur abruptly. When a disaster occurs, the priority is to reduce the vulnerability of people to hazards such as terror attacks and natural disasters. Therefore, to save human lives and also reduce property damage, in the long run, disaster analysis is a very important part in disaster management. In a given society, disasters can expose citizens to the benefits gained from cooperation in a rather dramatic way. Specifically, individuals can break awayRead MoreTerrorism Is Very Real For Mnes Essay1233 Words   |  5 Pagesboth theory and practice. The research question addressed by this exploratory study is how international businesses apply past terrorism exposure and experience from operating in risky locations to create organizational preparedness and performance resilience to absorb and endure future terrorist attacks. This paper contributes to the international business literature by addressing a gap in the literature how firms can prepare for and respond to terrorism. The study contributes to a theory of organizationalRead MoreTerrorism Is The Act Of Using Violence1493 Words   |  6 Pagesinterpret and analyse this phenomena in many different perspectives and theories. This essay will look at two particular sociological perspectives of terrorism; by Mathew Deflem a nd Gabe Mythen and Sandra, to critically analyse the content of their articles, their perspective on the understanding of terrorism, and the limitation in respect to their theories. Mathew Deflem uses his theory to explore how Bureaucratization theory can be utilized to create effective policing, subsequently producing successful

The Effects Of The European Settlement On The Indigenous...

Human rights are the rights of humans, regardless of nationality, gender, race, or religion. We should all have this in common as we are all part of humanity. However, Indigenous people did not always have these rights (Ag.gov.au, 2015). Aside from basic human rights, Indigenous people also have their own rights specific to their culture. Before 1967, Indigenous people had different rights in different states and the Australian federal government did not have any jurisdiction over Aboriginal affairs until Australia’s constitution was amended for this purpose in 1967 (Moadoph.gov.au, 2015). Between 1900 and the present time, there have been significant changes to the rights of Indigenous Australians. The effects of the European Settlement on the Indigenous people of Australia have been devastating. When white people began arriving in Australia, the Aboriginal people believed them to be ghosts of ancestor spirits. However, once they realised the settlers were invading their land , the Aborigines became, understandably, hostile (Slater Parish, 1999, pp.8-11). In 1788, the total Indigenous population was believed to be between 750,000 and one million. By 1888, the Indigenous population was reduced to around 80,000 Australia wide (Korff, 2014). The three main reasons for this dramatic decline were the introduction of new diseases, violent conflicts with the colonisers, and settlers acquiring Indigenous land (Digital, 2015). In 1848, the Board of National Education stated that itShow MoreRelatedEuropean Settlement in Australia Provide the Catalyst for the Near Destruction of Indigenous Society1457 Words   |  6 PagesEssay Topic: European settlement in Australia provided the catalyst for the near destruction of Indigenous society European settlement had a negative impact on the Indigenous Australians and it provided a catalyst for the destruction of Indigenous society. The impact of European settlement on the Indigenous people of Australia was disastrous due to many things such as taking land that belonged to the Aboriginal people. Though there were some attempts to understand each culture, it led to variousRead MoreAustralian development in accordance to Indigenous Rights958 Words   |  4 Pagesmost practical ways, Australia is an egalitarian society. This does not mean that everyone is the same or that everybody has equal wealth or property, just that we accept all. As a country, Australia aims for the equality of all citizens; Indigenous, European and other, however these were not always the intentions of White Settlement, on the land we call home. European settlement had a severe and devastating impact on Indigenous people. Indigenous people called Australia home many hundreds ofRead MoreThe Impact Of British Colonialism On Indigenous Australians1560 Words   |  7 PagesSCS130 because they would gain insight into the impact of British colonialism on Indigenous Australians and how the laws of control and protection forced them to become dependent, this, enables an understanding in terms of the present situation of disadvantage. Hollinsworth (2008) maintains that the historical impact of colonisation by Europeans on Indigenous Australians, is the basis for contemporary racism in Australia (pp. 35,67,77,79-80,83-84,97). This is supported by, The Royal Commission intoRead MoreMovie Analysis : Rabbit Proof Fence1502 Words   |  7 Pageswhen his daughter was forcibly removed to a Native Settlement Camp for domestic servant training. Subsequently, Moodoo took up employment with the camp in an attempt to keep in contact with her . The work he does is challenging, both physically and emotionally, as he is forced into recapturing runaway Indigenous children. As a result of the hardships faced by Moodoo, he has become withdrawn, which is particularly concerning given his Indigenous culture is one based on social interactions. He alsoRead MoreBenefits Of Indigenous Australians And Healthcare Workers1066 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction: This report is designed to outline and explain the benefits to both indigenous Australians and healthcare workers (specifically Radiographers) of providing culturally competent care. In radiography, like all healthcare settings culturally competent care is essential for patient comfort and experience. To provide culturally competent care one must first understand the history of the Indigenous Australians health and factors that have had an influence on it. Health care workers mustRead MoreIndigenous Australians and Torres Strait Islanders Essay1655 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿EDC 2200 Indigenous studies Assignment 1 1500 words Introduction 100 – 150 words Background eg a sentence to give the reader what the essay is about. Roadmap of whats in the body of essay. Demonstrate an argument. Example intro: Colonisation has impacted profoundly on indigenous communities worldwide and this essays examines and details some of those impacts. Initially, the concept of colonisation will be explained, including the forces that were driving the colonisation and the usualRead MoreNative Imperialism And Its Implications On Aboriginal Identity895 Words   |  4 Pagesprior to the arrival of the first European settlers, Australia was once believed to be a terra nullius, an uninhabited â€Å"nothing land.† The European colonizers of Australia sought to make something of this land they believed they had discovered. Operating under this false notion, colonizers systematically invaded and conquered Australia, imposing their own ways onto the land and its original custodians, the Aboriginal people. The introduction of western settlements disrupted much of Aboriginal lifeRead MoreI Have Taken Endeavors At Balfour Downs Station At The North Western Australia Settlement Of Jigalong1687 Words   |  7 PagesI have taken endeavors in this venture. In any case, it would not have been conceivable without the kind bolster and help o f numerous people and associations. I might want to extend my true because of every one of them. I am exceptionally obligated to Amity University for their direction and consistent supervision and also for giving important data in regards to the undertaking additionally for their backing in finishing the task . I might want to express my appreciation towards my chiefRead MoreEffect of Colonisation1693 Words   |  7 Pagesin wairuatanga (spiritual connection to the natural environment), kaitiakitanga, which is that people are linked to all living and non – living things and it is the responsibility of the mankind to safeguard the ecosystem. In addition, they believed in oneness (kotahitanga) and manaakitanga - the ability to care for others (Hikuroa, 2010). According to Durie (as cited in Dew Davis, 2006) Maori people were able to manage health by sound public health principles. They were able to preserve and storeRead MoreThe Dapl Operator Announced On Election Day That It Had1248 Words   |  5 Pages The US army corps of engineers has completed its review of the Dakota Access pipeline and is calling for â€Å"additional discussion and analysis† (energytransfer.com), further delaying completion of a project that has faced massive opposition from indigenous activists. It is unclear how long the delay will last and whether it will survive under the Trump administration. Trump’s financial disclosure forms show he has between $500,000 and $1m invested in Energy Transfer Partners, and $500,000 to $1m

Central Bank Policy Decisions Affect Banks in Profitability

Question: Critically Evaluate How the Central Bank Policy Decisions Affect Banks in Profitability. Answer: Introduction of Central Banks Central banks are those banks which control the total banking system of any country. Only central banks have the authority of issuing banknotes. The major function of a central bank is to control money supply in the country by handling the interest rates. Central banks act as The lender of the last resort to the banks in this sector when there is financial crisis in the economy and banks are unable to cope with the situation. The central banks are the bankers to the government. Central banks supervise the commercial banks as they have to follow the guidelines mentioned by the bank. The central banks focus on the monetary stability, which brings constancy in the flow of money in the nations economy. Changes in the attitude for the government roles lead the central banks to develop economy as a major basis (Archer, 2009). With this concern, the paper intends to evaluate the way in which central bank policy decisions affect profitability of banks. Evaluation of How Central Banks Policy Decisions Affect the Profitability of Other Banks One of the major policies of central bank affecting the profitability of other banks is monetary policy. To evaluate the effect of monetary policy, one should have a complete understanding about the banks profitability along with the interest rates (Lambert Ueda, 2014). The central bank directly purchases securities from the open market influencing long-term rates and guiding market players about short-term rates. The open market operations are mostly used by the Federal Reserve System of central bank in America (Board of Governors of The Federal Reserve System, 2017). In the process, buying and selling of securities such as mortgage-backed securities as well as treasury notes take place from the other commercial banks, which are used as the key tool to increase or decrease interest rates. For instance, if Fed buys a bond from any other bank, the amount of securities will reduce but the amount of reserves will increase. When Fed sells the securities, economic growth and inflation ge t slower as the interest rate rises while purchasing securities, revival in the economic growth occurs as well as unemployment rates lower down along with a fall in interest rates. Considering the profitability of commercial banks, purchasing of securities by Fed will provide maximum profitability to the commercial banks as its reserves will increase. Investment and loans will be increased with the rise in the price of government securities and their interest rates will fall. Additionally, the overall interest rates will decrease and will provide motivation for new investments in the business (Saylor Academy, 2016). The yield rate and the interest level rates affect the profitability of the banks. In retail deposits endowment effect, the bank deposits are normally priced at a markdown value on market rates along with depicting a market dominated by a small number of sellers. As soon as the interest rate falls, the markdown value in the market falls. This will lead to increase in the net interest income by restricting the monetary policy. Thus, the net interest income of banks is affected due to the monetary policy where the slope of the yield curve remains conclave and leads to banks profitability. If the market rate rises, there will be a negative effect on quantity affecting the amount of bank deposits as well as loans. For instance, people prefer bank loans when the lending rates are lower along with increasing the net interest income temporarily. Correspondingly, if the lending rates rise in the future, it will hinder the profitability of the banks. The monetary policy also affects the non-i nterest incomes of the commercial banks. Keeping all other factors constant, if the bank interest rates get higher, the securities portfolios of banks will incur losses. When the securities will be available for sale in the present financial situation, the losses will be presented in the income statement and it will be applicable for equity. The impact of these losses can be observed during the realization of securities held at maturity. This effect is a temporary and will disappear as the effect of change of interest rates gets over. Hence, the process is affecting other banks profitability during its course (Borio, Gambacorta Hofmann, 2015). According to Bank of Israel (2014), hedging of interest rate risk is very essential for banks. Hedging is normally done by swapping interest rates to reduce the substantial losses or gains of the banks leading to non-interest income. Other than this, fees and commissions earned are also a part of non- interest incomes which come from deposit and lending activities as well as investment-banking-type activities. The activities may include trading, credit lines, mergers and acquisitions, and transaction services among others. Thus, non-interest incomes lead to losses for the banks affect their profitability. Lastly, loan loss provisions cover the loss from loans due to customer defaults or bad loans. During a financial crisis, low interest rates are witnessed. The condition of loans loss provisions are sensitively very high at interest rates which are low. The banks cannot bear any further losses. As the interest rate is extremely low, people will be encouraged to take more loans from the banks encouraging loan growth. This will lower down the ratio of loan loss provisions to the amount of loans increasing more amounts of unrecoverable loans from customers leading to loss of banks and affecting their profitability at large (Borio, Gambacorta Hofmann, 2015). Apart from the above, the rate at which central banks apply or signal the position of monetary policy, is known as Central Bank Policy Rate (CBPR). This rate varies and is considered as discount rates as well as repurchase agreement rate in different countries (IMF Data, n.d.). The CBPR varies for each policy interest rate based on alterations in discount rates and repurchase agreement. For instance, the different policy rates of the central banks around the world in the last 4 quarters are shown below: Figure 1: Central Bank Policy Rate Source: (IMF Data, 2017) Conclusion Based on the above discussion, it can be observed that central banks policies are linked to banks profitability. These policies directly or indirectly influence banks profitability by different analysis of financial system. According to The Central Bank of The Bahamas (2017), monetary policy is different from fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is the step taken by government not by central banks to influence a nations economy while, monetary policy is set by central banks. Fiscal policy is related to tax revenue and expenditure for the government and focuses essentially on economic growth, unlike economic stability by monetary policy. Fiscal policy is changed on a yearly basis while monetary policy is changed depending on the nations status in the economy (Borio, Gambacorta Hofmann, 2015). The increases in the rate of central banks lead to the rise in the commercial banks lending rates which discourage to borrow accordingly. This leads to decline in the profitability of the banks as custo mers will be looking for other sources of financing such as non-banking financial institutions (Mungai, 2013). Thus, for better profitability of the commercial banks, central banks must work upon to design appropriate bank-specific monetary policy that will cover the macroeconomic conditions and will help in funding currencies (Borio, Gambacorta Hofmann, 2015). The monetary policy is hence made to stabilize the output and control inflation which brings changes in the policy interest rates of the central banks in different nations. Hence, the changes of policy interest rates in central banks, will in turn develop into affecting the probability of all other commercial banks in the world (Mathai, 2012). Therefore, the contribution of central banks is immense for the growth of any bank globally. References Archer, D 2009. Roles and objectives of modern central banks. Issues in the Governance of Central Banks, pp.17-55. Bank of Israel, 2014, Management of Interest Rate Risk, Proper Conduct of Banking Business Directive [1] (5/13) Management of Interest Rate Risk, pp.333-1-333-41. Borio, C, Gambacorta, L Hofmann, B 2015, Bank for International Settlements, The Influence Of Monetary Policy On Bank Profitability, no. 514, pp.5-37. Lambert, F Ueda, K 2014, The effects of unconventional monetary policies on bank soundness, International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C. Mungai, M A, 2013, The role of central bank rate on commercial banks profitability in Kenya, School of Business, University of Nairobi, pp.1-65. Saylor Academy, 2016, Chapter 14. The Money Supply Process The Central Bank, viewed 15 May 2017, https://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/ECON302-4.2.pdf . The Central Bank of The Bahamas, 2017, what is monetary policy and how is it different from fiscal policy? The Central Bank, viewed 21 April 2017, https://www.centralbankbahamas.com/faqs.php?cat=18id=10145. IMF Data, No Date, What is the Central Bank policy rate? International monetary fund, viewed 22 May 2017, https://datahelp.imf.org/knowledgebase/articles/484375-what-is-the-central-bank-policy-rate. IMF Data, 2017, Interest rates and share prices, Access to macroeconomic financial data, viewed 22 May 2017, https://data.imf.org/?sk=5477ad05-460d-4c91-9690-11e99b1ed935sId=1390030109571. Board of Governors of The Federal Reserve System, 2017, Open market operations, Credit and Liquidity Programs and the Balance Sheet, viewed 22 May 2017, https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/bst_openmarketops.htm. Mathai, K 2012, Monetary Policy: Stabilizing Prices and Output, International monetary fund, viewed 22 May 2017, https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/basics/monpol.htm.

A Familiar Place free essay sample

I feel most comfortable in a place where a sense of calm envelops me†a place that brings peace in its own unique ways. To escape all my troubles I always go on a walk by myself. Walking to class reminds me of all the times I walked around my neighborhood in my hometown. Outside my dorm I noticed the many sorority posters on all of the girls doors around me. In the elevator I caught a glimpse ofa bright green notice about the Tiger Transit service for Clemson students. This was most evident and noticeable because of the bright colors and images attached to the otice. Outside my dorm, hills surround me; I do not know where they begin or where they end. As Im finding my way to class I pasted a group of students outside my dorm, waving signs that provide information for the Papa Johns Pizza delivering service. We will write a custom essay sample on A Familiar Place or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I have several memories of spending time with my friends after football games eating pizza. I will never forget the fluffy, spicy, and delicious sensation I get when eating the first bite of a fresh slice of pizza. Of course I was tremendously persuaded with the pizza signs because of all the memories behind it. When I opened the door to the hall of my biology class, I noticed all the students waiting outside my classroom. Our teacher obviously was running late. As I sat there and waited, I found myself looking around and that was when I noticed a flyer about all the activities to get involved with at Clemson. During this time of the year these signs are important because it is when students try out and practice for the rest of the year. These signs could be posted more frequent and with larger print to become more noticeable and show the importance of the activities. Because of the small print I realized these signs were more subtle and soft to a normal Clemson student walking to class everyday in a hurry. Once I am seated in class with all the students around me talking and catching up the overall atmosphere creates an unmatchable experience. The drama and stress come to the front and take over my body mostly before tests. The hills outside are soon forgotten and the path of not knowing where it begins or ends, ends here until the hour is up. Expectations, anxiety, and concern are the only words with a meaning.